Difference between revisions of "Russian Genealogical Word List"
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m (→О: fixed spelling of общество) |
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|rite, ceremony<br> | |rite, ceremony<br> | ||
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− | | | + | |общество<br> |
− | |society<br> | + | |society, company, community<br> |
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|объялять<br> | |объялять<br> |
Revision as of 08:28, 14 January 2021
Russian Genealogical Word List | |
Downloadable Word List | |
Handwriting Help | |
Associated Countries | |
This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF is also available.
To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read Russia Languages,
In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives only the basic forms of each Russian word, which usually also means the masculine. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all word vary with usage, including names of people and places. It is important to recognize when a name is written in a different form and to not misinterpret it as another name.
Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]
Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пр Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя
No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.
Transliteration Aid[edit | edit source]
Transliteration is a conversion of text from one script to another. For example, the Russian word бракосочетание in Cyrillic script would be transliterated to “brakosochetanie” the English Romanized script.
бракосочетание --> brakosochetanie
There are different transliteration systems for the same language, so not all transliterations will be the same. Here is an automatic online transliterator that is very helpful.
Transliterating Russian to English in One Step, online automatic transliterator by Steve Morse.
Transliteration allows us to pronounce and recognize words in scripts we are not familiar with. It can also help us turn a place name on an English document into a real Russian place name, as you can also transliterate from English to Russian.
Other Word Lists[edit | edit source]
- Doukhobor Genealogy (under "Russian Terms." These are all transliterated and there is no Cyrillic)
- Cornell Lexicon Bridge (a resource from Cornell University)
Online Dictionaries[edit | edit source]
- Gramota (online Russian dictionary in Russian)
- Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary
- Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary
- Викисловар (Russian Wiktionary) this website is in Russian, but provides information regarding declension. Type a Russian word in the search box in the right hand corner (искать в Викисловаре) and press enter. Even if the word entered is declined (has a grammatical case ending), Wiktionary will redirect you to the original word (nominative case). A typical entry defines the word (if you are using Google Chrome, right click to translate the page to English to learn the definition of the word), as well as meanings, synonyms and often pronunciation. On the right hand side, you will find a table with the word declined in all cases. A translation of the table is included below. Using this table will allow you to easily determine which case your word is in.
падеж (case) | ед. ч. (singular) | мн. ч (plural) |
---|---|---|
Им.(nominative) | ||
Р. (genitive) | ||
Д. (dative) | ||
В. (accusative) | ||
Тв. (instrumental) | ||
Пр. (prepositional) |
Names and Places[edit | edit source]
For words not typically found in dictionaries (place names and given/family names) try using the following resources:
Places:
List of Gubernia in the Russian Empire
Russian Names:
Polish Names Written in Russian:
Use these resources to help you find the proper spelling of a Polish name. This handout will help you transliterate from Russian into Polish.
- Slownik Nazwisk (Dictionary of Surnames) to learn how to use this website, see the instructions here.
German Names Written in Russian:
This handout will help you transliterate from Russian into German.
- SGGEE handout, see page 7
- Germans from Russia Surnames (particularly the Volga Region)
- Male German Names Wiktionary
- Female German Names Wiktionary
- Digital Dictionary of Surnames in Germany
Months of the Year[edit | edit source]
For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see SGGEE handout, "Examples of how the months are handwritten"
Russian (nominative) | Russian (Genitive) | English |
---|---|---|
январь, Iенварь | января | January |
февраль | февраля | February |
март | марта | March |
апрель | апреля | April |
май | мая | May |
июнь | июня | June |
июль | июля | July |
август | августа | August |
сентябрь | сентября | September |
октябрь | октября | October |
ноябрь | ноября | November |
декабрь | декабря | December |
Cardinal Numbers[edit | edit source]
For numbers in cursive, see SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.
Russian | English |
один | one |
два | two |
три | three |
четыре | four |
пять | five |
шесть | six |
семь | seven |
восемь | eight |
девять | nine |
десять | ten |
одиннадцать | eleven |
двенадцать | twelve |
тринадцать | thirteen |
четырнадцать | fourteen |
пятнадцать | fifteen |
шестнадцать | sixteen |
семнадцать | seventeen |
восемнадцать | eighteen |
девятнадцать | nineteen |
двадцать | twenty |
тридцать | thirty |
сорок | forty |
пятьдесят | fifty |
шестьдесят | sixty |
семьдесят | seventy |
восемьдесят | eighty |
девяносто | ninety |
сто | one hundred |
двести | two hundred |
триста | three hundred |
четыреста | four hundred |
пятьсот | five hundred |
шестьсот | six hundred |
семьсот | seven hundred |
восемьсот | eight hundred |
девятьсот | nine hundred |
тысяча | one thousand |
Ordinal Numbers[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
первый | first |
второй | second |
третий | third |
четвёртый | fourth |
пятый | fifth |
шестой | sixth |
седьмой | seventh |
восьмой | eighth |
девятый | ninth |
десятый | tenth |
одиннадцатый | eleventh |
двенадцатый | twelfth |
тринадцатый | thirteenth |
четырнадцатый | fourteenth |
пятнадцатый | fifteeth |
шестнадцатый | sixteenth |
семнадцатый | seventeenth |
восемнадцатый | eighteenth |
девятнадцатый | nineteenth |
двадцатый | twentieth |
двадцать первый | twenty first |
тридцатый | thirtieth |
тридцать первый | thirty first |
General Word List[edit | edit source]
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.
A[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
август |
August |
адвокат |
lawyer |
администратор |
administrator |
акт |
document, record, certificate |
акты гражданского состояния |
vital statistics |
акушерка |
midwife |
алфавитный список |
alphabetical list or index |
апрель |
April |
арендатор |
tenant, leaseholder |
армия |
army |
артиллерист |
artilleryman |
архив |
archive |
архивист, архивариус |
archivist |
Б[edit | edit source]
Russian | Transliteration/English |
бакалейщик |
Grocer |
барышник |
horse dealer |
батрак |
farm hand, hired hand |
башмачник |
shoemaker |
бедность |
poverty |
бедный |
poor |
бедняк |
pauper |
беженец | refugee |
безземельный |
landless |
белое духовенство | clergy who have not taken a monastic vow (allowed to have a wife and children) |
Благороднй |
noble |
благородство |
nobility |
близнец |
twin |
близнецы |
twins |
бобыль |
poor landless peasant |
богадельня |
poor house |
болезнь |
illness, disease |
болезнь лёгких |
lung disease, lung illness |
болница |
hospital |
болной |
sick |
бондарь, бочар |
cooper |
боярин |
boyar (m.) pre1700 aristocrat |
боярство |
the boyars |
боярыня |
boyar, nobleman's wife |
брак, бракосочетанние |
brak, brakosochetannie marriage |
браконьер |
poacher |
бракосочетание |
marriage |
брат | brother |
брачный обыски | pre-marital search of records, proving bride and groom are not related |
брачный | marital (adj.) conjugal |
бременная | pregnant |
бродяга | vagabond |
булочник | baker |
бухгалтер | bookkeeper |
бывший | former |
быть | to be |
бюргер | burgher |
В[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
в | in, on, at |
в час | at one o'clock |
вдова | widow |
вдовец | widower |
ведомость | register, record, list |
венчание | wedding ceremony |
верность | accuracy, correctness, truth |
вероисповедание | religion, faith, creed |
весна | spring |
весной | in the spring |
весь | all, whole, everything |
ветрянкя | chicken pox |
ветрянкя опаса | chicken pox |
вечер | evening |
вечера | in the evening |
вечером | in the evening |
взрослый | adult |
владелец | bearer, owner, propietor |
властный | authoritative |
внебрачный ребёнок | illegitimate child |
внук | grandson |
внучка | granddaughter |
водянка | dropsy |
военная служба | military service |
военные документы | military records |
военный | military, soldier |
возраст | age |
возчик | coachman, carter |
воинский | military |
война | war |
волость | smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit) |
волосы | hair |
восемнадцатый | eighteenth |
восемнадцать | eighteen |
восемьдесят | eighty |
восемьсот | eight hundred |
воскресенье | Sunday |
воспаление | inflammation |
восприемник | godparent |
восприемница | godmother |
восприемники | godparents |
восток | east |
восточный | eastern |
восьмидесятый | eightieth |
восьмисотый | eight hundredth |
восьмой | eighth |
время | time |
всё | all, everyone, every |
вся | all, everyone, every |
вступить на службу | to go into the service |
вторник | Tuesday |
второй | second |
вчера | yesterday |
вчерашний | yesterday (adj) |
выдать | to issue |
выкидыщ | miscarriage |
выписка | extract, (record) |
выслать | to be send |
высокий | tall |
выходить замуж | to marry, to be married (fem) |
Г[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
г. | abbreviation for город (city) |
гвардец | guardsmen |
гвардуия | guards |
где | where |
генварь | general |
генеалогия |
genealogy |
герб | coat of arms |
герой | hero |
глаз | eye |
глухой | blind |
год | year |
голод | hunger, starvation |
гончар | potter |
горничная | house maid, chambermaid |
горнорабочий | miner |
горняк | miner |
город | city |
госпиталь |
hospital |
господни |
gentleman, Mr. |
госпожа |
lady, Mrs. |
государственный |
government |
государственный архив |
government archive |
гражданин |
citizen (male) |
гражданка |
citizen (female) |
гражданство |
citizenship |
грамота |
literacy |
грамотный |
literate |
гренадер |
grenadier |
губерния, губ. |
province, guberniya (adm. unit) |
гусар |
hussar, light cavalryman |
Д[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
дано |
was given |
дать |
to give |
два |
two (masc., neut.) |
двадцатый |
twentieth |
двадцать |
twenty |
две |
two (fem.) |
двенадцатый |
twelfth |
двенадцать |
twelve |
двести |
two hundred |
движимость |
movable property |
двойни |
twins |
двойня |
twin |
дворянин |
nobleman |
дворянка |
noblewoman |
дворянский род |
noble line, noble family |
дворянство |
nobility |
двоюродная сестра |
female cousin |
двоюродная брат |
male cousin |
двухсотый |
two hundredth |
дева |
maiden |
деверь |
brother in law, husband's brother |
девица |
maiden, unmarried woman |
Девичья фамилия |
maiden name |
Девочка |
little girl |
девушка |
girl, maiden |
девяносто |
ninety |
девяностый |
ninetieth |
девятисотый |
nine hundredth |
девятнадцатый |
nineteenth |
девятнадцать |
nineteen |
девятый |
ninth |
девять |
nine |
девятьсот |
nine hundred |
дед |
grandfather |
дедушка |
grandfather |
декабрь |
December |
дело |
file, business, matter |
день |
day |
день рождения |
birthday |
дер. | village (abbreviation of деревня) |
деревня |
village |
десятый |
tenth |
десять |
ten |
дети |
children |
детство |
childhood |
дисентерия |
dysentery |
дитя |
child |
днём |
during the day, in the afternoon |
до |
until, up to, before |
договор |
agreement |
документ |
document |
дом |
house, home, building |
домохозяйка | housewife |
донести |
to inform |
достигать совершеннолетия |
to com of age, attain one's majority |
дочь |
daughter |
Доярка |
milkmaid |
дровокол |
woodcutter |
дровосек |
woodcutter |
дряхлость |
decrepitude |
дряхлость |
decrepit |
дьякон, диакон | deacon |
дубильщик |
tanner |
духовенство | clergy |
духовная консистория |
diocese, consistory |
душевнобольной |
mentally ill |
дядя |
uncle |
Е[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
Еврейские | "Yevreyskie" or Jewish |
Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть | "Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast |
его | him, his |
её | her |
евангелический |
Protestant |
еврей |
Jew (m.) |
еврейка |
Jew (f.) |
единокровная сестра |
half sister |
единокровниый брат |
half brother |
епархия |
diocese |
епископ |
bishop |
Ё[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
Ж[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
жар |
Fever |
железнодорожник |
railroad worker |
желтуха |
jaundice |
жена |
wife |
женатый |
married man |
женитьба |
marriage (about a man) |
жениться |
to marry (about a man) |
женик |
bridegroom, fiance |
женский |
female |
женщина | woman |
жестянщик |
tinsmith |
живущий на пособии |
welfare recipient |
жилец |
resident, lodger, occupant |
жилище |
dwelling |
житель |
inhabitant, occupant |
жительство |
residence, dwelling |
жительствующий |
residing |
жить |
to live, to dwell, to reside |
З[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
заграничный |
foreign |
заключённый |
(prisoner), concluded |
заключить |
to conclude, to perform |
закон |
law |
законная жена |
lawful wife |
законнорождённый |
legitimately born |
законность |
legitimacy |
законный |
legal, legitimate, lawful |
замерзшый |
frozen |
замечание |
remark |
замужество |
marriage (about a woman) |
замужняя |
married (about a woman) |
занятие |
occupation |
запад |
west |
запасной рядовой | reserve soldier, reserve private |
запдный |
western |
записи передвиженния |
moving record |
запись |
record(ing), registration |
звание | occupation, rank |
здешний |
local |
землевладелец |
landowner |
земледелец |
peasant, farmer |
земледелие |
agriculture |
земля |
earth, land |
земляк |
fellow-countyman |
землячка |
fellow-country woman |
зима |
winter |
золовка |
sister-in-law, (husband's sister) |
зять |
son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister) |
И[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
и |
and |
и так далее (и т. д.) |
etc., and so forth, miscellaneous |
из |
from, out of |
издозчик |
coachman |
изгнанник |
exiled person |
или |
or |
имение |
estate |
именной указатель | name register (like an index at the back of a book) |
иметь |
to have |
иммигрант |
immigrant |
имущество |
property |
имя, имена |
name, names (given name) |
инженер |
engineer |
исповедные ведомости |
confession lists |
иудей, иуд., иудейский | Jew, Jewish |
их |
them, their |
июль |
July |
июнь |
June |
Й[edit | edit source]
No Russian words begin with Й. Only some foreign words.
К[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
к/ко |
to |
кто | who |
кем, кѣмъ | by whom |
какимъ | (by) which |
какое | which, what |
кабатчик |
innkeeper, barkeeper |
кавалерист |
cavalryman |
казак |
Cossack |
казаки | Cossacks |
казённая палата |
provincial financial office |
как видно |
as is seen |
калека |
cripple |
калесный мастер |
wheelwright |
каменщик |
mason, bricklayer |
канцлер |
chancellor |
капитан |
captain |
капрал |
corporal |
Караимы | Crimean Karaites |
караул |
guard |
католический |
Catholic (adj.) |
кашель |
cough |
кладбище |
cemetery |
книга |
book |
колония |
settlment, colony |
командирован на службу |
ordered, commissioned to service |
кондуктор |
conductor, guard |
кончина |
demise, death |
конюх |
groom, stableman |
коробейник |
peddler |
корь |
measles |
костёл |
church (Catholic) |
который |
which, that, who |
кочегар |
stoker |
красильщик |
dyer |
крепостной |
serf |
крестить |
to christen, to baptize |
кретник |
godson |
крестница |
goddaughter |
крёстные родители |
godparents |
крестьяне |
peasants |
крестьянин |
peasant (m.) |
крестьянин владеющий землей |
landowning farmer |
крестьянин государственный | state peasant |
кестьянка |
peasant (f.) |
крещение |
baptism, christening |
ксендз |
priest (Catholic) |
кузнец |
blacksmith |
купец |
merchant |
купцы | merchants |
кухарка |
cook |
кучер |
coachman |
Л[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
лакей |
lackey, footman |
лейтенант |
lietenant |
лесоруб |
lumberjack |
лет |
years |
лето |
summer |
летом |
in the summer |
лёгкое |
lung, light (adj.) |
литейщик |
foundry worker |
лихорадка |
fever |
лицо |
face |
лично |
personally |
лодочник |
boatman |
лоцман |
harbor pilot |
лудильщик |
tinsmith |
М[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
май |
May |
майор |
major |
маленький |
small, little, |
малолетство | underage, childhood |
маляр |
painter |
мама |
mama |
март |
March |
мастер |
master, foreman |
матрос |
seaman |
мать/матерь |
mother |
мачеха |
stepmother |
между |
between |
медник |
brazier, coppersmith |
мельник |
miller |
мертворождённый |
stillborn |
место |
place |
месяц |
month |
метрика |
birth certificate |
метрическая книга, метрические книги |
metrical book (vital record book,
register of births, marriages, and deaths), metrical books |
метрическое свидетельство |
birth certificate |
меховщик |
furrier |
мещанин | member of the petty bourgeois class; townspeople, artisans or traders (m.) |
мещанка | member of the petty bourgeois class; townspeople, artisans or traders (f.) |
младенец |
child, infant (m.) |
младенца |
child, infant (f.) |
младенчество |
infancy |
могила |
grave |
молодой |
young |
маряк |
seaman |
мусульманский |
Islamic |
муж |
husband |
мужик |
peasant |
мужской |
male |
мужчина |
man |
мэр |
mayor |
мясник |
butcher |
Н[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
на |
in, on, at, to |
найдёныш |
foundling |
наниматель |
tenant, employer |
народ |
people |
наследник |
heir |
наследование |
inheritance |
настоящий |
present (adj.) this, real, genuine |
начальник |
head, chief, superior |
не |
no, not |
нет |
no |
невеста |
bride, fiancee |
невестка |
dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife) |
неграмотный |
illiterate |
недвижимость |
immovable property |
неделя |
week |
незаконнорождённый |
illegitimately born |
немец |
German (m.) |
нем., немецкий | German (language) |
немка |
German (f.) |
немой |
dumb |
немощный |
infirm |
немощь |
infirmity |
неправильный |
wrong, incorrect |
несовершеннолетие |
underage, minority |
нижеподписавшийця |
undersigned |
нищий |
beggar |
новобранец |
recruit |
новобрачные |
newlyweds |
новорождённый |
newborn |
нос |
nose |
нотариус |
notary |
ночи, ночью |
at night |
ночь |
night |
ноябрь |
November |
О[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
o/об/обо | about |
оба |
both |
область |
province, region, oblast |
образование |
education |
обручение |
engagement, betrothal |
обряд |
rite, ceremony |
общество |
society, company, community |
объялять |
to declare, state, announce |
обыватель | commoner, inhabitant |
обыски брачные |
pre-marital search (see брачные обыски) |
оглашение |
marriage bans, announcement |
оглашение имен вступающих в брак |
publication of the names of those about to marry |
один |
one (masc.) |
одиночка | sole occupant of household |
одна |
one (fem.) |
одно |
one (neuter) |
округ |
okrug, district, territory, area |
октябрь |
October |
он |
he |
она |
she |
оно |
it |
они |
they |
опекун |
guardian |
опись |
list, inventory, series |
оплатить |
to pay |
опухоль |
tumor, swelling |
осень |
autumn, fall |
осенью |
in the autumn, in the fall |
основание |
basis, foundation |
оспа |
smallpox |
от |
from |
отец |
father |
отставка |
retirement, discharge |
отставной |
retired |
отсуствующий |
absent |
отчество |
patronymic |
отчим |
stepfather |
охрана |
guard |
о родившихся | births (literally: about those who were born) |
о бракосочетавшихся | marriages (literally: about those who were married) |
о разведшихся | divorces (literally: about those who were divorced) |
об умершихъ | deaths (literally: about those who died) |
П[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
падчерица |
stepdaughter |
палач |
butcher, executioner |
папа |
papa, dad |
паспорт |
passport |
паспортный |
passport (adj.) |
пасынок |
stepson |
пачерица | step daughter |
паяльщик |
tinsmith, plumber |
пекарь |
baker |
первый |
first |
перевозчик |
ferryman |
переплётчик |
bookbinder |
печатник |
printer |
печать |
stamp, seal, press |
писарь |
clerk, scribe |
племянник |
nephew |
племянница |
niece |
плотник |
carpenter |
повар |
cook |
повинность |
obligation |
пограничная стража | border corps |
погребение |
burial |
подать |
to submit |
поденщик |
day laborer |
подлинник |
original |
подлиный |
authentic |
подпись |
signature |
подпоручик | second lieutenant |
пожар |
fire |
пожарный |
fireman |
пожилой |
elderly |
позволение |
permission |
покойник |
the deceased (m.) |
покойница |
the deceased (f.) |
покойный |
deceased, late |
пол |
gender, sex |
полагать |
to suppose, to propose |
полдень |
noon, midday |
полк |
regiment |
полковник |
colonel |
полночь |
midnight |
получить |
to receive |
понедельник |
Monday |
по полудни |
in the afternoon |
по полуночи |
after midnight |
портниха |
dressmaker |
портной |
tailor |
поручитель |
bondsman, guarantor |
поселенец |
settler |
поселение |
settlement |
посемйные списки |
family lists |
послужной список |
service record |
пособие |
allowance, benefit, welfare |
постоянный |
permanent |
потомок |
descendant, offspring |
потомок по прямой линии |
direct discendant |
потомственный |
hereditary |
потомство |
posterity, descendants |
похоронен |
buried (m.) |
похоронена |
buried (f.) |
похороны |
burial |
почётные граждане | honorary citizens, an elite social class, could be hereditary or personal. |
почтальон |
mailman |
прабабушка |
great grandmother |
правнук |
great grandson |
правнучка |
great grandaughter |
православный, православное вероисповедание |
Orthodox Christian, Russian Orthodox |
прадед |
great grandfather |
прапрабабушка |
great great grandmother |
прапрадед |
great great grandfather |
прародитель |
progenitor |
предбрачные свидетельства |
premaritial certificantes documenting that the bride and groom are not related |
предок |
ancestro, forefather |
представить |
to produce, to resent |
предшествовать |
to precede |
привилегированный | privileged, favored |
призвание |
vocation, calling |
призывник |
conscript |
призывные списки |
recruitment lists |
приказчик |
shop assistnace, salesman |
призрев., призреваемый | a ward (child under protection of a guardian) |
призивные списки | conscription lists |
принадлежать |
to belong to |
принять |
to accept, to receive |
прислуг | servant (m.) |
прислуга | servant (f.) |
присутствие |
presence |
присутствующий |
to be present, in attendance |
приход |
parish, ward |
приходский |
parish, ward (adj.) |
причат |
clergy |
приют |
orphanage |
продавец |
salesman |
продолжение |
continuation |
пройсходить |
to descend |
пройсхождение |
descent, origin |
произойти |
to descend from |
прошение |
request (noun) |
псаломщик | acolyte, parish clerk |
пятидесятый |
fiftieth |
пятисотый |
five hundredth |
пятнадцатый |
fifteenth |
пятница |
Friday |
пятый |
fifth |
пять |
five |
пятьдесят |
fivty |
пятьсот |
five hundred |
Р[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
раб |
slave |
работа |
work |
работник |
laborer (m.) |
работница |
laborer (f.) |
рабочий |
worker |
раввин |
rabbi |
район |
district, raion (modern term) |
развалины | ruins, remains |
разведённый |
divorced |
развод |
divorce |
размещенный | placed, situated, located, hosted (adj.) |
разносчик |
peddler |
разрешение |
permission |
разряд |
level, degree, rank |
рак |
cancer |
ребёнок |
child |
ревизские сказки | revision Lists |
реестр |
register |
рекрутские списки | recruitment lists |
религиозный |
religious |
религия |
religion, faith |
ремесленник |
artisan, journeyman |
ремесло |
trade, occupation |
род |
birth, family, kin, sort, type |
родивщихся | those who were born |
родилась |
was born (f.) |
родились |
were born |
родился |
was born (m.0 |
родина |
native land |
родители |
parents |
родиться |
to be born |
родовой |
ancestral |
родом |
by origin |
родоначальник |
ancestor (first generation of a clan) |
родословная |
genealogy, pedigree (book) |
родословная книга |
ancestry book |
родословный |
genealogical |
родственник |
relative (m.) |
родственница |
(relative (f.) |
родство |
relationship, kinship |
роды |
childbirth |
рождение |
birth |
рождения |
births |
Рождество |
Christmas |
роспись |
inventory, list |
рот |
mouth |
русый |
light brown |
рыбяк |
fisherman |
рыжий |
red-haired |
рядовой |
ordinary (soldier) |
С[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
cмерти | death |
с |
from, with |
садовник |
gardener |
сам |
self (m.) |
сама |
self (f.) |
сами |
selves |
сапожник |
cobbler, shoemaker |
сват | father of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law |
сватья | mother of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law |
свёкор |
father-in-law (husband's father) |
свекровь |
mother-in-law (husband's mother) |
светлый |
light (adj.) |
свидетель, свидетели | witness, witnesses |
свидетельство |
certificate, evidence |
свидетельствовать/ за- |
to witness, to certify |
своебременно |
timely |
свояченица |
sister-in-law (wife's sister) |
святое причастие |
holy communion, the Lord's supper |
святой |
holy |
священник |
priest, clergyman |
север |
north |
северный |
northern |
сегодня |
today |
сегодняшний | today's, this day (adj.) |
седой |
gray-haired |
седмой |
seventh |
село |
village (with a church) |
семидесятый |
seventieth |
семисотый |
seven hundredth |
семнадцать |
seventeen |
семь |
seven |
семьдесят |
seventy |
семьсот |
seven hundred |
семья |
family |
сентябрь |
September |
серый |
gray |
сестра |
sister |
сирота |
orphan |
скарлатина |
scarlet fever |
скончалась |
died (f.) |
скончался |
died (m.) |
скорняк |
Furrier |
слепой |
blind |
слесарь |
locksmith, metalworker |
слуга |
servant (m.) |
служанка |
servant (f.) |
служащий |
employee, perfessional |
служба |
service, work |
смерти |
deaths |
смерть |
death |
сноха |
daughter-in-law |
собор |
cathedral |
собрание |
assembly, meeting |
совершеннолетие |
legal age, majority |
совершить |
to perform |
согласно |
according to, agreed |
содержание |
content |
соединать браком |
to marry |
сожительница | concubine, cohabitor |
солдат |
soldier |
сорок |
forty |
сорковой |
fortieth |
сословие |
estate, class, social standing |
состоялось |
it happened |
состояние |
condition |
состояться |
to take place, happen |
сотник |
commander of 100 men |
сотый |
one hundredth |
сочетать брак |
to marry (to) |
среда |
Wedmesday |
средный |
medium (adj.) |
ссылный |
exile, convict |
ссылка |
see..., refer to...; exile, deportation |
старость |
old age |
старый |
old |
стеклодув |
glass blower |
сто |
one hundred |
столяр |
joiner |
сторож |
watchman, guard |
стража |
guard |
страна |
country |
стрелок |
rifleman, marksman |
строитель |
construction worker |
суббота |
Saturday |
суд |
court |
судебный |
judicial |
судья |
judge |
сумашедший |
insance |
супруг |
spouse (m.) |
супруга |
spouse (f.) |
супруги |
married couple |
супружество |
matrimony |
сутки |
day (and night), 24 hours |
счетовод |
accountant, bookkeeper |
сын |
son |
Т[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
таинство |
ordinance, rite, sacrament |
текущий | current |
тёмный |
dark |
тесть |
father-in-law (wife's father) |
тётя |
aunt |
тёща |
mother-in-law (wife's mother) |
ткач |
weaver (m.) |
ткачиха |
weaver (f.) |
то есть (т. е.) |
i.e. that is |
тоже |
also |
токарь |
lathe turner |
тонуть |
to drown |
торговец |
merchant, dealer |
третий |
third |
трёхсотый |
three hundredth |
три |
three |
тридцатый |
thirtieth |
тридцать |
thirty |
тринадватый |
thirteenth |
тринадцать |
thirteen |
триста |
three hundred |
трубочист |
chimney sweep |
туберклулёз лёгких |
consumption |
тысяча |
one thousand |
тысячный |
one thousandth |
тюрма |
prison |
У[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
убийство |
murder |
убийца |
murderer, killer |
уволенный |
dismissed, discharged |
удар |
stroke |
удостоверение |
certificate |
удостоверить(ся) |
to certify, to witness, to assure oneself |
удочеренная |
adopted (of a daughter) |
удочерение |
adoption (of a daughter) |
удочерить |
to adopt a daughter |
уезд |
district, county, uyezd |
указ |
decree |
умер |
died (masc.) |
умереть |
to die |
умерла |
died (fem.) |
умерший |
deceased |
уметь |
to know how |
унтер-офицер | non-commissioned officer, petty officer |
уродливый |
deformed (masc.) |
урохдённая |
born as, née (in front of maiden name) |
урядник |
sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer |
усыновление |
adoption (of a son) |
усыновленный |
adopted (of a son) |
усыновить |
to adopt a son |
утопнуть |
to drown |
утра, утром |
morning (n.), in the morning (adv.) |
утро |
morning (n.) |
ученик |
pupil, apprentice |
учёный |
scholar (n.), learned (adj.) |
учитель |
teacher (masc.) |
учительница |
teacher (fem.) |
Ф[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
фабрикант |
manufacturer |
фамилия |
surname, family |
февраль |
February |
фольварк | manor farm |
фонд |
record group |
Х[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
хозяин |
landowner, proprietor |
холод |
cold |
холостой |
single, unmarrier |
холость |
single man, bachelor |
холостяк |
bachelor |
хромой |
lame, limping |
Ц[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
цвет |
color |
церковь |
church |
цыган |
Gypsy |
Ч[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
час |
hour, time |
часовщик |
watchmaker |
чахотка |
consumption |
четверг |
Thursday |
четвёртый |
fourth |
четыре |
four |
четыреста |
four hundred |
четырёхсотый |
four hundredth |
четырнадцать |
fourteen |
чёрное духовенство | clergy who have taken a monastic vow (not allowed to have a wife or children) |
чин |
rank, grade |
чиновник |
official, bureaucrat |
число |
date, number |
член |
member |
что |
what, that |
чума |
plague |
Ш[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
шахтёр |
miner |
швер |
seamstress |
шестидесятый |
sixtieth |
шестисотый |
six hundredth |
шестнадцать |
sixteenth |
шестой |
sixth |
шесть |
six |
шестьсот |
six hundred |
шинкарь |
innkeeper, barkeeper |
шорник |
harness maker, saddler |
шурин |
brother-in-law (wife's brother) |
Щ[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
Э[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
эмигрант | emigrant |
Ю[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
юг | south |
южный | southern |
юрист | lawyer |
Я[edit | edit source]
Russian | English |
Я | I |
явиться; явился, явилась |
to appear; appeared (m., f.) |
январь |
January |